Abstract

Andaman and Nicobar Islands have a typical tropical climate receiving rains both from Southwest and Northeast monsoons. The climate and position of the Islands have facilitated the evolution of diverse and unique ecosystems. Most of the floristic diversity relates to the native species of Malaysia, Myanmar and India. Since the region is isolated from mainland, migration of species is not feasible and any disturbance may lead to their becoming extinct. Great Nicobar is the southern most tip and is considered one of India’s most precious biodiversity zones. It has numerous streams making it the only Island in the group with plentiful fresh water, providing congenial conditions for the growth of unique species. The study aims to assess the biodiversity value and the environmental importance of an interesting endemic tree fern species: Sphaeropteris albo-setacea (Bedd.) Tryon (Cyathea albo-setaeca Bedd.) encountered during ground data collection in the evergreen forests of Great Nicobar biosphere reserve. In consideration with observations made and the analysis performed it can be inferred that the tree fern species has a distinct pattern of distribution and the analysis indicates the dominance ratio of Sphaeropteris albo-setacea at varied locations. The study also attempts to correlate the potential of the satellite remote sensing in exploration and habitat assessment of such ecologically important species.

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