The extensive use of Elaeocarpus species in Ayurveda or as ethnomedicinal plants and their economic use as timber plants, have resulted in most of them getting threatened and enlisted in the Red Data Book or the IUCN Red List of threatened plants. The present review focuses on the conservation status of important Elaeocarpus species of India in view of their medicinal importance and the efforts required, thereof, in future.

A study was undertaken in Haryana to estimate Soil organic carbon stock under different orchards available there under horticulture land uses which covered 47,036 ha area in Haryana. Maximum organic carbon stock was observed under Mango (36.24 t ha^-1) followed by Nebu (35.85 t ha^-1), Ber (30.37 t ha^-1), Guava (29.45 t ha^-1), Kinnu (25.11 t ha^-1), Aonla (24.67 t ha^-1), Malta (24.20 t ha^-1) and the least was under the combination of Aonla + Anar (14.97 t ha^-1). When SOC stock under different horticulture species was tested by one - way ANOVA, it was found that SOC stock under different species was significantly different (Variance ratio, F = 4.086; p = < 0.05). SOC stock under Mango was significantly different from the SOC stock under all other species except Nebu, Malta and Grapes. Mitigation potential indicates that soils under Mango and Nebu can sequester nearly two and half times more SOC as compared to that in Aonla + Anar orchard, while the soils under Ber and Guava and Kinnu can sequester nearly double the amount of SOC stock in comparison to Aonla+ Anar orchard. Over all, in Haryana the soils under horticulture land use have 1.37 million tones of SOC stock which is equivalent to 5.05 million tons of CO₂.

Plant diversity study conducted at an altitudinal gradient varying from 1800-2400m above msl in Kalatop beat of the Sanctuary revealed that the total number of plant species was 142 belonging to 71 families and 127 genera. The dominant families were Asteraceae, Rosaceae, Fabaceae, Ranunculaceae and Polygonaceae. The number of trees species was 7, 9 and 12 with the dominance of Cedrus deodara at 1800-2000m, 2000-2200m and 2200-2400m elevation ranges respectively. The number of shrub species was 26, 27 and 24 with the dominance of Berberis lycium, Sarcococca saligna and Sarcococca saligna at 1800-2000m, 2000-2200m and 2200-2400m elevations respectively. The number of herb species was 59, 74 and 75 with the dominance of Bergenia ciliata, Pilea scripta and Valeriana jatamansii at 1800-2000m, 2000-2200m and 2200-2400m elevation ranges respectively. The distribution pattern of most of the plant species was contiguous in all altitudes. Index of diversity for herb species in these elevations ranges was 3.750, 3.674 and 3.472. Out of 63 medicinal plant species recorded from the area, 4 species viz; Podophyllum hexandrum, Taxus wallichiana, Polygonatum verticillatum and Zanthoxylum armatum fall in the threatened category. The better conservation of natural resources can be done through promotion of community based conservation, ex-situ conservation through tissue culture, developing cultivation technologies and nurseries of medicinal plants and conducting of regular training on the procedure of medicinal plants collection and processing among the end users.

In the present paper we could prioritize the areas for plant conservation in Seshachalam hill ranges of Eastern Ghats, in India have been highlighted.

The juvenile plants of Drypetes malabarica have resulted 100% rooting success for both stem cuttings and air layering by the application of NAA 3000 and IAA 1000 ppm respectively. The rooted plants were also survived with cent percent success rate.  Since the tree is being prone to high degree of fruit predation, seed infestation and overall poor natural regeneration in situ restricts, the soil seed and seedling bank and merit extend clonal propagation of the species. The propagation methods thus developed first time could be adopted for the large scale multiplication, establishing clonal gene banks ex situ which in turn ensures the availability of materials for conservation, evaluation and management practices without affecting natural populations of the species in the long run.

Myrica esculenta is a wild nitrogen fixing tree, growing naturally in the forest edges at high elevation rain fed areas. This species is generally propagated via seeds but physical dormancy caused by impermeable seed coat causes an unreliable germination pattern. In the present study different types of cuttings were collected and planted in an open side area at Khirsu as well as in mist chamber after treating with different hormonal (IBA) doses i.e. 1000 ppm; 2000 ppm; 4000 ppm; 6000 ppm and one set was soaked in water and kept as control. No rooting was observed from any type of cutting however, only few cuttings at 4000 ppm IBA treatment in the June month were sprouted and died after three weeks of transplanting. In case of air layering, maximum roots were sprouted in the air layered treatments done during post summer or rainy season whereas, air layered done during winter season or pre summer season, no response was observed. Maximum (15.83%) rooting was recorded in the 4000 ppm IBA followed by 6000 ppm (9.17%), 2000 ppm (6.67%) and minimum in 1000 ppm (4.17%) treatments. In this study overall 7.17 per cent rooting was recorded in first year and 1.67 per cent in second year. The air layering done in the VMG at Dehradun all air layered branches except control showed rooting and better performance was recorded in 4000 ppm IBA than other. Both seed and air layered raised plants when planted in the field their growth and survival percentage was almost similar.

In this paper taxonomic account of three species of Clitocybe viz., C. dilatata, C. hydrogramma and C. nebularis collected from various locations of Poonch district of Jammu and Kashmir have been presented. Of  these, Clitocybe dilatata and C. hydrogramma are a new report from India while Clitocybe nebularis is being reported for the first time from Jammu and Kashmir.

Present investigation deals with amplified seedling morphology of five grass weed taxa  belonging to the genus Echinochloa  P. Beauv. - E. colona, E. crus-galli, E. cruspavonis, E. frumentacea and E. stagnina, occurring commonly in Paddy fields of Vindhyan Region, Uttar Pradesh, India. Morphological attributes viz. venation and length of coleoptile, surface of scutellum, leaf sheath and leaf blade, collet and shape of leaf blade are found useful for the taxonomic differentiation of seedlings. Illustrations and key have also been provided.

The present study gives an account of Invasive Alien Species (IAS) of Great Indian Bustard Wildlife Sanctuary (GIBWLS) in Maharashtra. A total of 109 invasive alien species under 86 genera, belonging to 41 families have been recorded. The study can be helpful in management of this grassland habitat for critically endangered Great Indian bustard bird.

Miliusa wightiana Hook.f. & Thomson (Annonaceae) is rediscovered after type collection from type locality (Courtallum Hills, southern Western Ghats) and its environs (Mancholai and Papanasam Hills of Tamil Nadu state).

The paper records  four flowering plants viz. Didymocarpus fischeri, Strobilanthes urceolaris (Gamble) Gamble, Epipogium roseum (D. Don) Lindl. and Briza minor L. from Agasthyamalai Biosphere Reserve, Tamil Nadu, India.

Eighteen species of lichens are added to the flora of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India. This includes 16 foliicolous and 2 corticolous. Of the foliicolous, 8 species: Aulaxina dictyospora R. Sant., A. opegraphina Fée, Byssoloma vezdanum Sérus., Calenia graphidea Vain., Cryptothecia irregularis Lücking et al., Porina sphaerocephala Vain., Strigula microspora Lücking and Trichothelium bipindense F. Schill. are reported as new records for India. Brief descriptions and photographs of new records are provided.

Seven angiosperm species collected from Middle and South Andaman Islands are being reported as additions to the flora of Andaman and Nicobar Islands after Pandey and Diwakar (2008). Brief description, phenology, and distribution pattern are presented along with photographs for the species.

Cirsium arvense L. var. alpestre Nägeli (Asteraceae) is reported here as a new record for Indian flora.

The present paper puts on recorded Physalis pruinosa L. as new to the flora of Tamil Nadu state.

Distribution of Juniperus semiglobosa in India have been examined through literature, available herbarium specimens and with field observations. The density of individuals are found in decreasing trend in India due to fuel wood extraction coupled with natural calamity in high altitude regions, especially in Trans Himalaya. Available population status, brief description, field observations and photographs are provided in the communication, for conservation of Juniperus in natural habitats.

The genus Gynostemma Blume is reported for the first time from Kerala based on G. pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Makino, the only species represented in India. Description, illustration, distribution data and a note on potential medicinal property are also provided.

Selaginella proniflora (Lamk.)Bak.is first time reported from Kerala. Detailed description and photograph are provided for its easy identification.

Wrightia coccinea (Roxb. ex Hornem.) Sims (Apocynaceae) is here recorded for the first time from Bihar. Detailed morphological description, distribution and photograph of the species are provided to facilitate easy identification of the species in the field.

Bamboo species is widely used for different purposes in the different parts of World. The variation in properties of the culms of bamboos are affected its use. Shrinkage is one of the physical properties in bamboo and it will affect the products. In this article deals with the variation in shrinkage at different height levels of bamboo culms, different portion in bamboo culms such as outer to inner variation, variation in different age groups of bamboo culms. In addition to this tangential and radial variation in shrinkage also studied. The result shows that a uniform trend in variation was observed based on different parameters.

Salacia malabarica  (Celastraceae), an important endemic climber of the southern Western Ghats is found very poor seedling bank in this natural habitats. This will lead to the untimely endangerment of the species in near future. The present study is therefore, aimed to develop and standardize the clonal propagation techniques through stem cuttings and air layering methods with the aid of auxins. The highest rooting of 90% was achieved with the use of NAA-1000 ppm from tender stem cuttings of 10-12 years old plant and air layering success was also found to be 80% by the use of NAA-1000 ppm  from the same age of plants used for stem rooting.

Platanthera cumminsiana (King & Pantl.) J. Renz is reported from the Western Himalaya for the first time.