Research Article | Published: 25 June 2018

Authentication of Balaa in selected traditional formulations using ITS2 and matK DNA barcoding markers

Tagadur Sureshchandra  Suma, Kaliamoorthy Ravikumar, Anu  Radha  Sharma, Padmalatha S. Rai and Kapaettu  Satyamoorthy

Journal of Non-Timber Forest Products | Volume: 25 | Issue: 2 | Page No. 63-72 | 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.54207/bsmps2000-2018-T6949K | Cite this article

Abstract

Balaa group of plant drugs is one of the important ingredients in many of the Ayurvedic formulations used for treating various neuro-muscular disorders. The accepted species as per Ayurvedic Pharmacopeia India is Sida cordifolia L. However in today’s practices, there are multiple species which go by the same trade name Balaa. This may be due to regional manifestations, context based usages, alternatives, substitutes thus leading to confusion and affecting quality of the medicine. In this context, advanced tools like application of signature sequence techniques, using defined DNA markers and decoding of DNA Sequence, would additionally help in identification of plant species from herbal formulations. The present paper shares the investigation on the detection of Balaa (Sida cordifolia L.) in the market formulations using Internal Transcribed Spacer 2 (ITS2) region and Maturase K (matK) barcoding markers using CTAB technique. The results show that for validating the presence of a particular species usage in the commercial formulation, complete gene sequencing of the claimed species/original species and accepted alternatives have to be made available for comparative studies. For the Balaa group of drugs, there is potential to develop the complete gene sequence for authentication purpose. This approach is now being used as a standard protocol in herbal pharmaco-vigilance research to verify labelled ingredients and detection of substitutes/alternatives in specific products. This process is meant to ensure Quality Assurance (QA) of raw drug materials used by herbal sector.

Keywords

DNA barcoding, Authentication, Formulation, Plant raw drugs, Balaa, Sida cordifolia

Access Options

250/-

Buy Full Access in HTML Format

Instant access to the full article.

Get access to the full version of this article. Buy Full Access in HTML Format

References

1. AFI. (2000). The Ayurvedic Formulary of India, Part I. Government of India. Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Department of Indian Systems of Medicine and Homeopathy, New Delhi

Google Scholar

2. AFI. (2003). The Ayurvedic Formulary of India, Part II. Government of India. Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Department of Indian Systems of Medicine and Homeopathy, New Delhi

Google Scholar

3. Aiyer, N.K. and Kollammal, M. (1951). Pharmacognosy of Ayurvedic drugs of Travancore- Cochin. Trivandrum, Journal of Pharmacognosy of Ayurvedic drugs. Central Research Institute, University of Travancore, Kerala

Google Scholar

4. Aiyer, N.K., Kollamal, M. (1993). Pharmacognosy of Ayurvedic Drugs-Kerala, Pharmacognosy Unit, Ayurveda College, Thiruvanthapuram, Kerala. Series 1: 5; 71-117

5. Anon. (2010). Plants of Ayurveda Materia Medica: Dravyaguna. [CDROM].” FRLHT, Bangalore

6. Anon. (1978). The Ayurvedic Formulary of India, Delhi

Google Scholar

7. API. (2001a). The Ayurveda Pharmacopoeia of India, Part I. Vol I, Government of India, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Department of Indian Systems of Medicine and Homeopathy, New Delhi

Google Scholar

8. API. (1999). The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India Part I., Vol II, Government of India, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Department of Indian Systems of Medicine and Homeopathy, New Delhi

Google Scholar

9. API. (2001b). The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Part I, Vol III, Government of India, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Department of Indian Systems of Medicine and Homeopathy, New Delhi

Google Scholar

10. API. (2004). The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Part I, Vol IV, Government of India, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Department of Indian Systems of Medicine and Homeopathy, New Delhi

Google Scholar

11. API. (2005). The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India, Part I, Vol V. Government of India, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Department of Indian Systems of Medicine and Homeopathy, New Delhi

Google Scholar

12. Bapalal, V. (1982). Some Controversial Drugs in Indian Medicine. Chaukambha Sanskrit Series Office, Varanasi

Google Scholar

13. Bapalal, V. (2007). Niganthu Adarsh. Chaukhamba Sanskrit Santhan, Varanasi

Google Scholar

14. Chen, S., Yao, H., Han, J., Liu, C., and Song, J., Shi, L., Zhu, Y., Ma, X., Gao, T., Pang, X., Luo, K., Li, Y., Li, X., Jia, X., Lin, Y., Leon, C. (2010). Validation of the ITS2 Region as a Novel DNA Barcode for Identifying Medicinal Plant Species. PLoS One. 5(1): e8613 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0008613

Google Scholar

15. Chopra, R.N., Nayar, S.L., Chopra, I.C. (1956). Glossary of Indian medicinal plants. Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR), New Delhi

Google Scholar

16. De Boer, H.J., Ichim, M.C. and Newmaster, S.G. (2015). DNA Barcoding and Pharmacovigilance of Herbal Medicines. Drug Safety. 38 (7): 611-20 https://doi.org/10.1007/s40264-015-0306-8

Google Scholar

17. Ford, C.S., Ayres, K.L., Toomey, N., Haider, V., Alphen Stahl, J., Kelly, L.J., Wikström N, Hollingsworth, P.M., Duff, R.J., Hoot, S.B., Cowan, R.S., Chase, M.W., Wilkinson, M.J. (2009). Selection of candidate coding DNA barcoding regions for use on land plants. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 159: 1-11 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2008.00938.x

Google Scholar

18. Goraya, G.S., Ved, D.K. (2017). Medicinal Plants in India: An assessment of their demand and supply. ICFRE and NMBP, GoI

Google Scholar

19. Han, J., Pang, X., Liao, B., Yao, H., Song, J., Chen, S. (2016). An authenticity survey of herbal medicines from markets in China using DNA barcoding. Scientific Reports. 6:18723 https://doi.org/10.1038/srep18723

Google Scholar

20. Khatoon, S., Srivastava, M., Rawat, A. and Mehrotra, S. (2007). HPTLC Method for Chemical Standardization of Sida Species and Estimation of the Alkaloid Ephedrine. JPC - Journal of Planar Chromatography. 18:(105) https://doi.org/10.1556/JPC.18.2005.5.5

Google Scholar

21. Kolammal, M. (1972). The Botanical Sources of Bala. Jour. Res. Ind. Med. 7(1): 37-45

Google Scholar

22. Kool, A., de Boer, H.J., Krüger, Å., (2012). Molecular Identification of Commercialized Medicinal Plants in Southern Morocco. DeSalle R, ed. PLoS ONE. 7(6):e39459 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0039459

Google Scholar

23. Kumar, S., Krishna, J.U.V., Seethapathy, G., Kumar, S., Ragupath, S., Ganeshaiah, K.N., Ganesan, R., Newmaster, S.G., Ravikanth, S.R.U. (2015). DNA barcoding to assess species adulteration in raw drug trade of 'Bala' (genus: Sida L.) Herbal Products in South India. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology. 61 (July): 501-9 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bse.2015.07.024

Google Scholar

24. Lissy, K.P. (2004). A comprehensive investigation into some selected species of Sida Linn. With Reference To Their Substitutes and Adulterants. Kottayam, Kerala: Mahatma Gandhi University; [PhD. Dissertation]

Google Scholar

25. Mahadani, P., Kumar, R., Kishore, R., Meitei, A.L., Singh, D.R. (2016). DNA Barcoding of Indian Orchids. ICAR and National Research Centre for Orchids. Technical Bulletin. 48. http://nmhs. org.in/pdf/BOOKS/1.DNA_Barcoding_of_Indian_Orchids.pdf 

Google Scholar

26. Makambila-Koubemba, M.C., Mbatchi, B., Ardid, D., Gelot, A. and Henrion, C. (2011). Pharmacological studies of ten medicinal plants used for analgesic purposes in congobrazzaville. Int. J. Pharmacol., 7: 608-615 https://doi.org/10.3923/ijp.2011.608.615

Google Scholar

27. Murray, M.G., and Thomson, W.F. (1980). Rapid isolation of high molecular weigh plant DNA. Nucleic Acid Research. 8: 4321- 4325 https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/8.19.4321

Google Scholar

28. Nadkarni, A.K. (1954). Indian Materia Medica, Populor prakashen, Bombay

Google Scholar

29. Pattar, P.V., Jayaraj, M.(2012). Pharmacognostic and phytochemical investigation of Sida cordifolia L.a threatened medicinal herb.  International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences. 4(1):114-117

Google Scholar

30. Rai, P.S., Bellampalli. R., Dobriyal, R.M., Agarwal, A., Satyamoorthy, K., Anantha Narayana, D.B. (2012). DNA barcoding of authentic and substitute samples of herb of the family Asparagaceae and Asclepiadaceae based on the ITS2 region. J Ayurveda Integr Med. 3:136-40 https://doi.org/10.4103/0975-9476.100177

Google Scholar

31. Rheede, H. A.V., Manilal, Van, K.S. (2003). Rheede's Hortus Malabaribus on various kinds of trees and podded fruits. 12 Vols. English edition with annotations and modern botanical nomenclature. University of Kerala, Thiruvanathapuram

Google Scholar

32. Sharma, N.N., Patni, V. (2012) Grewiatenax (Frosk.) Fiori.- A traditional medicinal plant with enormous economic prospectives. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research. Vol 5, Suppl 3

Google Scholar

33. Sharma, P.V. (1982). Dhanvantari Nighantu, Chaukambha Orientalia, Varanasi

Google Scholar

34. Sharma, P.V., Sharma, G. (1979). (eds). Shri Kaiyadeva, Kaiya devanighantu. Chukambha orientalia, Varanasi

35. Shibant Ghosal, S., Bhallav, R. Chauhan, P.S., Mehta, R. Phytochemistry. England. 14:830-832 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(75)83057-3

36. Sarin, Y.K. (2008). Principal crude herbal drugs of India: an illustrated guide to important largely used and traded medicinal raw materials of plant origin, M/s. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehra Dun

Google Scholar

37. Sharma, P.V. (1972). Dravyaa Guna Vignana Vol 1-5, Chaukambha Sanskrit Series Office, Varanasi

38. Sharma, P.V. (2006). Dravyaguna Vignana Vol. 2 (Vegetable Drugs). Chaukambha Bharathi Academy, Varanasi

Google Scholar

39. Sivarajan, V.V., Balachandran, I. (1994). Ayurvedic Drugs and Their Plant Sources. Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi

Google Scholar

40. Sophie Lorraine Vassou, G., Kusuma and Madasamy Parani. (2015). DNA Barcoding for Species Identification from Dried and Powdered Plant Parts: A Case Study with Authentication of the Raw Drug Market Samples of Sidacordifolia. Gene, 599: 86–93 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gene.2015.01.025

Google Scholar

41. Thakur, B.S., Chunekar, K.C. (1972). Glossary of Vegetable Drugs in Brhattrayi, Chaukambha Sanskrit Series Office, Varanasi

42. Vaisya, Rupalalji. jt. auth. Abhinava Butidarpana 290 prasid bootiyon ke uper adhunik vanaspati vijnan ke sachitra sangraha. Parts I-II, Chowkhambha, Varanasi

43. Vassou, S.L., Kusuma, G. and Parani, M. (2015). DNA Barcoding for species identification from dried and powdered plant parts: a case study with authentication of the raw drug market samples of Sida cordifolia. Gene. 599: 86–93 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gene.2015.01.025

Google Scholar

44. Ved, D.K., Goraya, G.S. (2008). Demand and Supply of Medicinal Plants in India. M/s. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehra Dun

Google Scholar

45. Ved, D.K., Suma, T.S., Barve, V., Srinivas, V., Sangeetha, S., Ravikumar, K., Kartikeyan, R., Kulkarni, V., Kumar, A.S., Venugopal, S.N., Somashekhar, B.S., Sumanth, M.V., Rani, S., Surekha, K.V. and Desale, S. (2016). ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants. FRLHT’s ENVIS Centre on Medicinal Plants, Bangalore.http://envis.frlht.org/

Google Scholar

About this article

How to cite

Suma, T.S., Ravikumar, K., Sharma, A.R., Rai, P.S. and Satyamoorthy, K., 2018. Authentication of Balaa in selected traditional formulations using ITS2 and matK DNA barcoding markers. Journal of Non-Timber Forest Products, 25(2), pp.63-72. https://doi.org/10.54207/bsmps2000-2018-T6949K

Publication History

Manuscript Published on 25 June 2018

Share this article

Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: