Parkia timoriana, the tree bean popularly known as Yongchak is an important non-timber forest produce of Northeast India. The population of the species has been suffering from tree decline since 2002, causing loss of income to the local population and also huge expenditure in importing tree beans from Myanmar. The research organizations in Northeast India have been undertaking research to identify the causes of tree decline and to develop measures to control the problem. The local press had been actively following up on the matter. A large number of conferences and workshops have addressed the issue. The paper summarizes the various discussions on the topic and research undertaken in the last two decades, from various reports in the press, proceedings of the workshops and conferences and published literature, and suggests action for the future.

Indian Himalayan Region is known globally since the Vedic time for its rich resources. Due to less accessibility to basic facilities, communities of the Himalaya are well adopted with forests for curing various ailments. The present study has been conducted in Shivalik Hills of Himachal Pradesh. A total of 330 medicinal plants belonging to 85 families and 263 genera were recorded. 40 species were native to the Himalayan Region and 27 species were native to the Himalayan Region and other biogeographical regions, together, 01 species was endemic, 23 species were near endemic. Leaves, roots and whole plants were utilized in majority of cases. The analysis revealed that maximum species were used for fever, skin diseases, cough, dysentery and stomach problems. Acorus calamus, Berberis asiatica, Cheilocostus speciosus, Cinnamomum tamala, Gloriosa superba, Pittosporum eriocarpum, Rauvolfia serpentina, Terminalia chebula, etc. were identified as threatened species. Due to habitat degradation, biological invasion, over-exploitation and changing environmental conditions, the populations of these medicinal plants are facing high pressures. Therefore, identification of Medicinal Plants Conservation Areas (MPCAs), frequent monitoring of habitats, extraction trend of medicinal plants, education, awareness and participation of the local inhabitants have been suggested.

Cephalostachyum capitatum and Neomicrocalamus prainii, both climbing bamboos distributed in Northeast India, flowered gregariously during 2022-2023 at Mawsynram, Khasi Hills of Meghalaya, India.

This paper deals with collection of Senna septemtrionalis (Viv.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby from the Pine forests near Gonda village on Giripul to Chail Road, District Solan, Himachal Pradesh.

The paper deals with 34 species of plants used by Bagata tribe of Andhra Pradesh for cosmetics. Euphorbiaceae is the dominant family with 5 species. Trees are represented by 14 species and 29 practices were found to be new.

This paper discusses the occurrence of multiple albino seedlings for the first time in Madhuca balakrishnanii E.S.S.Kumar et al. (Sapotaceae), a critically endangered and endemic tree species of southern Western Ghats.

Plant explorations in various parts of north east India were carried out with special emphasis to the state of Mizoram, which forms a major part of the Himalayan and the Indo-Burma biodiversity hotspots in the world. Information on ethnobotanical usages of 15 grass taxa as documented from the vast tribal communities from different districts of Mizoram has been presented in the paper.

In the present work, 120 farmers (male only) were selected inhabiting in the Amritsar district of Punjab state in India. These farmers were engaged in growing citrus fruits, resins, medicinal plants, beekeeping for honey production, bamboo, cane, aromatic plants along with tradition cash crops. During study, three psychological measures as tools, i.e. Mental Health Inventory (MHI), Climate Change Perception Questionnaire (CCPQ) and Socio-Economic Status (SES rural) scale were used to assess socioeconomic status (SES), climate change perception (CCP) and mental health (MH) of farmers and to understand the relationship among these three factors. The results suggest that SES has significant positive correlation with Climate Change Perception (threatful) and mental health. Further, there is significant negative correlation between mental health and CCP (threatful). Mean comparisons suggest that Low Mental Health (LMH) farmers have high mean of climate change perception as they perceive climate change as threatful whereas High Mental Health (HMH) farmers have low mean on climate change perception which indicates- they perceive climate change as existential. Farmers with HMH have high SES in comparison with farmers who are in LMH group.